The Bank of England is the central bank of the United Kingdom and the model on which most modern central banks have been based. Established in 1694 to act as the English Government's banker, and still one of the bankers for the Government of the United Kingdom, it is the world's eighth-oldest bank. It was privately owned by stockholders from its foundation in 1694 until it was nationalised in 1946.The Bank became an independent public organisation in 1998, wholly owned by the Treasury Solicitor on behalf of the government, but with independence in setting monetary policy.The Bank is one of eight banks authorised to issue banknotes in the United Kingdom, has a monopoly on the issue of banknotes in England and Wales and regulates the issue of banknotes by commercial banks in Scotland and Northern Ireland.The Bank's Monetary Policy Committee has a devolved responsibility for managing monetary policy. The Treasury has reserve powers to give orders to the committee "if they are required in the public interest and by extreme economic circumstances", but such orders must be endorsed by Parliament within 28 days. The Bank's Financial Policy Committee held its...

Cash Money (or styled as Ca$h Money) is an American record label founded by two brothers, Bryan "Baby" Williams and Ronald "Slim" Williams. The label is distributed by Republic, which used to be Universal Republic. The label itself has been home to a roster of hip hop artists that includes Drake and Nicki Minaj, which has led to Ca$h Money to becoming one of the most successful record labels in hip-hop history.Artists signed to Cash Money Records have achieved a combined 12 number one albums on the Billboard 200 chart and 7 number one singles on the Billboard Hot 100 chart (Juvenile's "Slow Motion", Lil Wayne's "Lollipop", Jay Sean's "Down" and Drake's "One Dance", "God's Plan", "Nice for What", and "In My Feelings"). History 1992–97: The Beginning Cash Money was founded in 1992. Bryan Williams told some of his close friends the motivation for starting the label: I was hoping it would get us out of the projects and into a positive way of life. And we wanted...

A billionaire, in countries that use the short scale number naming system, is a person with a net worth of at least one billion (1,000,000,000, i.e. a thousand million) units of a given currency, usually major currencies such as the United States dollar, the euro or the pound sterling. Additionally, a centibillionaire (or centi-billionaire) has been deemed applicable to a billionaire worth one hundred billion dollars (100,000,000,000), a mark first achieved in 2017 by Amazon founder Jeff Bezos, with a net worth of $112 billion in a report issued in early 2018. The American business magazine Forbes produces a global list of known U.S. dollar billionaires every year and updates an Internet version of this list in real time. The American oil magnate John D. Rockefeller became the world's first confirmed U.S. dollar billionaire in 1916, and still holds the title of history's wealthiest individual.As of 2018, there are over 2,200 U.S. dollar billionaires worldwide, with a combined wealth of over US$9.1 trillion, up from US$7.67 trillion in 2017. According to a 2017 Oxfam report, the top eight richest...

This is a list of countries by the number of billionaires by net worth (USD) based on an annual assessment of wealth and assets compiled and published by Forbes magazine. This list excludes lists compiled and published by Business Insider, Challenges, Hurun Report, The Sunday Times, UBS and other sources. Billionaires by continent Billionaires by country or dependency See also List of cities by number of billionaires The World's Billionaires Millionaire List of wealthiest familiesReferences...

The net worth of Donald Trump, the 45th President of the United States, is approximately $3.5 billion according to Forbes as of 5 March 2019, whereas Bloomberg estimated his wealth at $2.8 billion. Various organizations have estimated and investigated Trump's wealth. Trump has often stated higher values for his wealth than organizations estimating it. As a result of May 20, 2019 ruling, Trump must disclose tax records which would describe his wealth. He was also denied a stay to delay the ruling pending a potential appeal. Trust funds Trump is the beneficiary of several trust funds set up by his father and paternal grandmother beginning in 1949 when he was 3 years old. In 1976, Fred Trump set up trust funds of $1 million ($4.4 million in 2018 dollars) for each of his five children and three grandchildren. Donald Trump received annual payments from his trust fund, for example, $90,000 in 1980 and $214,605 in 1981. By 1993, when Trump took two loans totaling $30 million from his siblings, their anticipated shares of Fred's estate amounted to $35 million each. Upon Fred Trump's death in 1999...

This is a list of richest people in the world based on real-time assessment of wealth and assets by Forbes. This list is limited to individuals with a net worth exceeding $40 billion US dollars. The richest man in the world is Amazon owner Jeff Bezos with a net worth of $152 billion. The richest woman in the world is L'Oréal heiress Françoise Bettencourt Meyers with a net worth of $53.2 billion. Real-time rankings 2019 See also List of wealthiest families List of wealthiest historical figures List of countries by the number of billionaires The World's BillionairesReferences...

For the contemporary lists, see List of Americans by net worth and Forbes 400.Most sources agree on John D. Rockefeller being the richest American in history, although some define richest as an individual's wealth as a share of contemporary GDP. This method of comparing individuals' wealth across time is disputed. For example, economic blogger Scott Sumner noted in 2018 that Rockefeller was worth $1.4 billion when he died in 1937, which was about $24 billion in dollars adjusted to 2018. Meanwhile, Bill Gates in 1999 was worth nearly $150 billion in dollars adjusted to 2018.Second richest in terms of wealth over contemporary GDP is disputed, with various sources listing Andrew Carnegie, Cornelius Vanderbilt, John Jacob Astor IV, Bill Gates, Henry Ford, or John Pitcairn. Most sources agree on Carnegie. Further places are a matter of even bigger debate. Given the economic rise of the United States of America since its origins, with America becoming the foremost economic power in the world by the late 19th century, the wealthiest men in America were often also the wealthiest men in the world. ...

Robert Frederick Smith (born December 1, 1962) is an American businessman, investor, and philanthropist. A former chemical engineer and investment banker, he is the founder, chairman, and CEO of private equity firm Vista Equity Partners. In 2018, Smith was ranked by Forbes as the 163rd richest person in America. He was No. 480 on Forbes 2018 list of the world's billionaires, with a net worth of US$4.4 billion. Smith was also included in Vanity Fair’s New Establishment List. In 2017, Smith was named by Forbes as one of the 100 greatest living business minds. In a 2018 cover story, Forbes declared Smith the wealthiest African-American, surpassing Oprah Winfrey. Early life Robert F. Smith was born a fourth generation Coloradoan to Dr. William Robert Smith and Dr. Sylvia Myma Smith, who were both school teachers with PhDs. He grew up in a predominantly African American, middle-class neighborhood in Denver. He attended Carson Elementary School in Denver.When he was an infant, his mother carried him at the March on Washington, where the Rev. Dr. Martin Luther King...

Black billionaires are individuals of Black African ancestry with a net worth of at least US$1 billion. According to Forbes 2018 ranking of the world's billionaires, Nigerian business magnate Aliko Dangote with a net worth of $13.8 billion is the world's richest black person. Others on the list are Nigeria's Mike Adenuga with $4.6 billion, American media mogul Oprah Winfrey with a net worth of $2.8 billion (2018), South African gold magnate Patrice Motsepe, with $2.9 billion, Nigeria's Folorunsho Alakija with $2.5 billion and Mo Ibrahim, a British billionaire of Sudanese Nubian ancestry, who has been on the Forbes Billionaire list since 2008 and in 2012 had a net worth of $1.1 billion.In the years since, American investor Robert Smith, with a net worth of $4.4 billion, and American sports executive Michael Jordan, with $1.65 billion, have risen to the list. In 2018, Smith was ranked by Forbes as the 163rd richest person in America. He was No. 480 on Forbes 2018 list of the world's billionaires, with a net worth of US$4.4 billion. In 2017, Smith was named by the magazine as one of the 100 greatest living business minds. In a 2018 cover story, Forbes declared...

Of the 2,153 people who made it to the 2019 FORBES list of the World’s Billionaires, 13 of them are black, up from 11 a year ago. These are the 13 richest black people on earth:

Who are the richest actresses in the world? We've put together this list of the 20 richest actresses in 2019, and how much they're currently worth.